feat(game): add CardTile

src/game/CardTile.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/**
+ * @file CardTile.cpp
+ *
+ * @author Yuzhe Guo
+ * @date 2025.11.15
+ */
+#include "CardTile.h"
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <random>
+
+#include "../common/utils.h"
+
+namespace UNO::GAME {
+    CardTile::CardTile() = default;
+
+    template<typename... T>
+    void CardTile::pushFront(T... t)
+    {
+        cards_.emplace_front(t...);
+    }
+
+    template<typename... T>
+    void CardTile::pushBack(T... t)
+    {
+        cards_.emplace_back(t...);
+    }
+
+    Card CardTile::popFront()
+    {
+        const Card card = cards_.front();
+        cards_.pop_front();
+        return card;
+    }
+
+    Card CardTile::popBack()
+    {
+        const Card card = cards_.back();
+        cards_.pop_back();
+        return card;
+    }
+
+    bool CardTile::isEmpty() const
+    {
+        return cards_.empty();
+    }
+
+    void CardTile::shuffle()
+    {
+        std::random_device rd;
+        std::mt19937 gen(rd());
+        std::ranges::shuffle(cards_, COMMON::Utils::getInstance()->getRandom().getGenerator());
+    }
+
+    void CardTile::clear()
+    {
+        cards_.clear();
+    }
+
+    DiscardPile::DiscardPile() = default;
+
+    void DiscardPile::add(Card card)
+    {
+        this->pushFront(card);
+    }
+
+    Deck::Deck() = default;
+
+    void Deck::init()
+    {
+        for (const auto color : AllColors) {
+            for (const auto type : AllTypes) {
+                if (color != CardColor::WILD && type != CardType::WILD && type != CardType::WILDDRAWFOUR) {
+                    this->pushBack(color, type);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            this->pushBack(CardColor::WILD, CardType::WILD);
+            this->pushBack(CardColor::WILD, CardType::WILDDRAWFOUR);
+        }
+        this->shuffle();
+    }
+
+    Card Deck::draw()
+    {
+        if (this->isEmpty()) {
+            this->init();
+        }
+        return this->popFront();
+    }
+
+    std::vector<Card> Deck::draw(const size_t n)
+    {
+        std::vector<Card> draw_card;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            draw_card.push_back(this->draw());
+        }
+        return draw_card;
+    }
+}   // namespace UNO::GAME

src/game/CardTile.h

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/**
+ * @file CardTile.h
+ *
+ * 牌堆
+ *
+ * @author Yuzhe Guo
+ * @date 2025.11.15
+ */
+#ifndef UNO_GAME_CARDTILE_H
+#define UNO_GAME_CARDTILE_H
+#include <deque>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "Card.h"
+
+namespace UNO::GAME {
+    /**
+     * @brief 牌堆
+     */
+    class CardTile {
+    private:
+        std::deque<Card> cards_;
+
+    protected:
+        /**
+         * 向牌堆前加入卡牌
+         * @param t 要加入的卡牌
+         */
+        template<typename... T>
+        void pushFront(T... t);
+
+        /**
+        * 向牌堆后加入卡牌
+        * @param t 要加入的卡牌
+        */
+        template<typename... T>
+        void pushBack(T... t);
+
+        /**
+        * 将牌堆中第一张牌删除
+        * @return 删除的牌
+        */
+        Card popFront();
+
+        /**
+        * 将牌堆中最后一张牌删除
+        * @return 删除的牌
+        */
+        Card popBack();
+
+        /**
+         * @return 牌堆是否为空
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] bool isEmpty() const;
+
+        /**
+         * 将牌堆中的卡牌随机洗混
+         */
+        void shuffle();
+
+        /**
+         * 清空牌堆
+         */
+        void clear();
+
+    public:
+        CardTile();
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * @brief 弃牌堆
+     */
+    class DiscardPile : CardTile {
+    public:
+        DiscardPile();
+
+        /**
+         * 向弃牌堆中添加 @param card 卡牌
+         */
+        void add(Card card);
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * @brief 起牌堆
+     */
+    class Deck : CardTile {
+    public:
+        Deck();
+
+        /**
+         * 初始化牌堆
+         */
+        void init();
+
+        /**
+         * 摸一张牌
+         * @return 摸到的牌
+         */
+        Card draw();
+
+        /**
+         * 摸 n 张牌
+         * @param n 摸牌的张数
+         * @return 摸到的牌
+         */
+        std::vector<Card> draw(size_t n);
+    };
+}
+
+#endif //UNO_GAME_CARDTILE_H