feat(game): add PlayerState and GameState

src/game/GameState.h

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/**
+ * @file GameState.h
+ *
+ * @author Yuzhe Guo
+ * @date 2025.11.16
+ */
+#ifndef UNO_GAME_GAMESTATE_H
+#define UNO_GAME_GAMESTATE_H
+#include "CardTile.h"
+#include "Player.h"
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace UNO::GAME {
+
+    /**
+     * 玩家状态
+     */
+    class PlayerState {
+    protected:
+        std::string name_;
+        size_t remainingCardCount_;
+        bool isUno_;
+
+    public:
+        PlayerState(std::string name, size_t remainingCardCount, bool isUno);
+
+        /**
+         * @return 玩家名字
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] std::string getName() const;
+
+        /**
+         * @return 玩家是否处于 UNO 状态
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] bool getIsUno() const;
+
+        /**
+         * @return 玩家手中剩余的牌的数量
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] size_t getRemainingCardCount() const;
+
+        void setRemainingCardCount(size_t x);
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * （供客户端使用）玩家状态
+     */
+    class ClientPlayerState : public PlayerState {};
+
+    /**
+     * （供服务端使用）玩家状态
+     */
+    class ServerPlayerState : public PlayerState {
+    private:
+        HandCard *handCard_;
+
+    public:
+        explicit ServerPlayerState(std::string name, size_t remainingCardCount, bool isUno, HandCard *handCard);
+
+        template<typename... T>
+        void draw(T... args);
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * 游戏状态
+     */
+    enum class GameStatus : uint8_t {
+        WAITING_PLAYERS_TO_JOIN,
+        WAITING_PLAYERS_TO_START,
+        WAITING_PLAYERS_TO_NEXT_TURN,
+        WAITING_PLAYERS_TO_NEXT_ROUND
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * 保证模板使用的是 PlayerState 的派生类
+     */
+    template<typename PlayerStateType>
+    concept PlayerStateTypeConcept = std::is_base_of_v<PlayerState, PlayerStateType>;
+
+    /**
+     * 游戏具体状态
+     * @tparam PlayerStateType PlayerState 的派生类
+     */
+    template<PlayerStateTypeConcept PlayerStateType>
+    class GameState {
+    protected:
+        explicit GameState(GameStatus gameStatus);
+        GameStatus gameStatus_;
+        DiscardPile discardPile_;
+        bool isReversed_;
+        size_t drawCount_;
+        std::vector<PlayerStateType> players_;
+        std::vector<PlayerStateType>::iterator currentPlayer_;
+
+    public:
+        virtual ~GameState() = default;
+        /**
+         * @return 所有玩家状态
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<PlayerStateType> &getPlayers() const;
+
+        /**
+         * @return 当前玩家对应的 iterator
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<PlayerStateType>::iterator getCurrentPlayer() const;
+
+        /**
+         * @return 弃牌堆
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] const DiscardPile &getDiscardPile() const;
+
+        /**
+         * @return 是否反转
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] bool getIsReversed() const;
+
+        /**
+         * 向对局中添加玩家
+         * @param playerState 要添加的玩家状态
+         */
+        void addPlayer(PlayerStateType playerState);
+
+        /**
+         * 下一个玩家
+         */
+        void nextPlayer();
+
+        /**
+         * 清空玩家
+         */
+        void clearPlayers();
+
+        /**
+         * 反转
+         */
+        void reverse();
+
+        /**
+         * 由于用户出牌而改变状态
+         * @param card 用户出的牌
+         */
+        void updateStateByCard(const Card &card);
+
+        /**
+         * 由于用户摸牌而改变状态
+         */
+        void virtual updateStateByDraw();
+    };
+
+    class ClientGameState final : public GameState<ClientPlayerState> {
+    public:
+        Player player;
+
+        ClientGameState(GameStatus gameStatus, Player player);
+    };
+
+    class ServerGameState final : public GameState<ServerPlayerState> {
+    private:
+        Deck deck_;
+
+    public:
+        ServerGameState();
+
+        /**
+         * 由于用户摸牌而改变状态
+         */
+        void updateStateByDraw() override;
+    };
+}   // namespace UNO::GAME
+
+#endif   // UNO_GAME_GAMESTATE_H